(Based on the MLA Guide)
If no author is given for a web page or electronic source, start with and
alphabetize by the title of the piece and use a shortened version of the title
for parenthetical citations.
A web site
N.B. It is necessary to list your date of access because web postings
are often updated, and information available at one date may no longer be
available later. Be sure to include the complete address for the site.
Also, note the use of angled brackets around the electronic address; MLA requires
them for clarity.
Author(s). Name of Page. Date of Posting/Revision. Name of institution/organization
affiliated with the site.
Date of access <electronic address>.
Web site example
Felluga, Dino. Undergraduate Guide to Literary Theory. 17 Dec. 1999. Purdue
University.
15 Nov. 2000 .
An article on a web site
N.B. It is necessary to list your date of access because web postings
are often updated, and information available at one date may no longer be
available later. Be sure to include the complete address for the site.
Also, note the use of angled brackets around the electronic address; MLA requires
them for clarity.
Author(s)."Article Title." Name of web site. Date of posting/revision.
Name of
institution/organization
affiliated with site. Date of access <electronic
address>.
Article on a web site
Poland, Dave. "The Hot Button." Roughcut. 26 Oct. 1998. Turner
Network Television.
28 Oct. 1998 .
An article in an online journal or magazine
Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal Volume. Issue
(Year): Pages/Paragraphs.
Date of access <electronic address>.
N.B. Some electronic journals and magazines provide paragraph or
page numbers; include them if available. This format is also appropriate
to online magazines; as with a print version, you should provide a complete
publication date rather than volume and issue number.
Online journal article
Wheelis, Mark. "Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the
Biological
and Toxin Weapons Convention."
Emerging Infectious Diseases 6.6 (2000):
33 pars. 5 Dec. 2000 .
E-mail
Author. "Title of the message (if any)" E-mail to the author. Date of
the message.
N.B. This same format may be used for personal interviews or personal
letters. These do not have titles, and the description should be appropriate.
Instead of "Email to John Smith," you would have "Personal interview."
E-mail to you
Kunka, Andrew. "Re: Modernist Literature." E-mail to the author. 15 Nov.
2000.
Email communication between two parties, not including the author
Neyhart, David. "Re: Online Tutoring." E-mail to Joe Barbato. 1 Dec.
2000.
A listserv posting
Author. "Title of Posting." Online posting. Date when material was posted
(for example:
14 Mar. 1998). Name of
listserv. Date of access <electronic
address for retrieval>.
Online posting
Karper, Erin. "Welcome!" Online posting. 23 Oct. 2000. Professional Writing
Bulletin Board.
12 Nov. 2000 .
An electronic database
Author. "Title of Article." Relevant information for the database. Date
of access <electronic address for retrieval>.
Provide the bibliographic data for the original source as for any other
of its genre, then add the name of the database along with relevant retrieval
data (such as version number and/or transcript or abstract number).
Article in a reference database on CD-ROM
"World War II." Encarta. CD-ROM. Seattle: Microsoft, 1999.
Article from a periodically published database on CD-ROM
Reed, William. "Whites and the Entertainment Industry." Tennessee
Tribune 25 Dec. 1996: 28. Ethnic NewsWatch.
CD-ROM. Data Technologies. Feb. 1997.
